Title: A Security Analysis of Smartphones

Department : Master of Science in Electrical and Computer Engineering

About Project: In this thesis we have analyzed smartphone security and have proposed new security model and mechanisms for the smartphone platform, based on privacy, integrity and availability. We analyzed our model, to show it circumvents previously experienced and future foreseeable threats and attacks on the smartphone. We introduced the smartphone and its applications from a security perspective. Speci cally, we emphasized the growing popularity and changing trends in smart phone applications which increase the need for security features protecting user information and identity. Then, we discussed and compared how prevailing smartphone brands address security on their devices. We collected, consolidated and summarized ten categories of smartphone threats and vulnerabilities as witnessed in the smartphone security scene since its inception in the consumer markets. We based the resolvement of these ten threats as the goal for our policies, model and mechanism in the chapters that follow. After that, we briey discussed the existing research focus on enforcing security on smartphones, and we see that almost all works focus on adding security enhancements on top of an existing platform. We distinguished our work as a bottom-up-approach in rede ning a secure smartphone environment, with emphasis on its special applications. We developed security policies which are targeted to address the security shortcomings and need that were previously presented. We used these policies as the basis to develop a formal model de ning how security measures can be systematically built into the system. We also proposed accompanying security mechanisms, which will ensure that all applications and stakeholders and protected. Finally, we analyzed the electiveness of our work in the light of the threats that were discussed. For the future, this work can be expanded by creating and testing a small scale implementation of the model. Though we believe the model is at par with current smartphone performances, through implementing the proposed model and mechanisms the empirical eciency and viability of the design can be tested. Also, a method of faster signature checking, such as elliptic curve cryptography can be added to the model. Lastly, decisions on the precise implementation of our methods which are described at an abstract level need to be made based on various situational, corporate and market factors.
Abstract Of Thesis: This work analyzes and discusses the current security environment of today's (and future) smartphones, and proposes a security model which will reduce smartphone vulnerabilities, preserving privacy, integrity and availability of smartphone native applications to authorized parties. For this purpose, we begin with an overlook of current smartphone security standards, and explore the threats, vulnerabilities and attacks on them, that have been uncovered so far with existing popular smartphones. We also look ahead at the future uses of the smartphones, and the security threats that these newer applications would introduce. We use this knowledge to construct a mathematical model, which gives way to policies that should be followed to secure the smartphone under the model. We finally discuss existing and proposed security mechanisms that can be incorporated in the smartphone architecture to meet the set policies, and thus the set security standards.
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Instrumentation of timed automatic for formal verification of timed properties

Department Of Electronics and Electrical

Project Details: In this thesis, an implementation of time measurement, in an already existing tool for modeling, simulation and verification of PRES+ models has been presented. PRES+, which is an extended timed Petri Net model, is very useful to represent embedded systems. As mentioned in the motivational example it is easy to understand the benefits of verification models. If we return to the example with the car on the road and reflects for a minute on the different components that have to work together, and in a strict order to accomplish the tasks of keeping the car on the road, or if the system fails, try to minimize possible human injuries. The need to be able to verify the embedded system working as predicted is obvious. Each

system has to, not only fulfill their own specifications, but also has to work in conjunction with each other. There would not be any meaning if the airbag fired after a crash already had taken place or if the antiskid system didn’t work together with the break control system. A verification tool like this, presented in this thesis can be used to verify each of the components functioning as specified, especially considering the issue of timeliness. Contributions made by this thesis are the added possibility to now measure time as stipulated by a logical formula and enabling translation of the formulas into the TA model. In the verification process the tool needs two inputs, one is the timed automata (TA) model and the other is a query that stipulates the given restrictions. The TA model itself easures

the time restrictions for each transition, while the new implementations that this thesis has presented, measures time from a stipulated start point in a system.

Abstract: Embedded systems are used in many technical products of today. The tendency also points to the fact that they are in many ways becoming more and more complex as technology advances. Systems like advanced avionics, air bags, ABS brakes or any real-time embedded system requires reliability, correctness and timeliness. This puts hard pressure on designers, analyzers and developers. The need for high performance and non failing systems has therefore led to a growing interest in modeling and verification of component-based embedded systems in order to reduce costs and simplify design and development. The solution proposed by the Embedded Systems Lab at Linköping University is the modeling language PRES+, Petri Net based Representation for Embedded Systems. PRES+ models are then translated into timed automata, TA, which is used by the UPPAAL verification tool. To be able to verify timing properties the translated TA model must be instrumented with certain timers, called clocks. These clocks must be reset in a manner reflected by the property to be verified.This thesis will provide a solution to the problem and also give the reader necessary information in order to understand the theoretical background needed. The thesis will also show the reader the importance of modeling and time verification in the development of embedded systems. A simple example is used to describe and visualize the benefit regarding real-time embedded systems as well as the importance of the ability to verify these systems. The conclusion drawn stresses the fact that high development costs, possible gain of human lives and the problems in developing complex systems only emphasize the need for easy-tohandle

and intuitive verification methods.

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Title: Feature Store

Department of Computer and Information Science

Abstract Of Thesis: This thesis describes the development of an internal web based tool for Ericsson AB in Linkoping. The problem addressed in this work is finding and managing new sales opportunities. The tool consists of an extensive structure of websites written in PHP and JavaScript with the database connection handled through MySQL. The content is a register of products but also has the ability of automatic generation of statistics. The purpose of the tool is to make the work with Ericsson’s customers more efficient, the tool will make it easier for the sales person to find a sales opportunity. The work structure consisted of two phases, an Alpha-stage to determine if there was value in developing the product and after that was evaluated the project went on to a Beta-stage to set the foundations for the proper product. 

Techniques Of Thesis:- A brief description of the different techniques implemented in the project.
HTML: HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language and is code that describes the structure of
webpages. It consists of so called tags which enclose different parts of a webpage; an example is
the tag which together with its end tag would make text within it bold (Wikipedia, 2011).
PHP: PHP stands for Hypertext Preprocessor and is a scripting language used for creating dynamic
webpages. PHP code is embedded in HTML and interpreted on a webserver to generate additional HTML (php.net, 2011; Wikipedia, 2011).
JavaScript: JavaScript is a scripting language that is ran on the client side for a webpage; its main use is
creating enhanced and dynamic interfaces (Wikipedia).
MySQL: MySQL is a language for communicating with the database, with the help of queries you may
add, remove or modify information stored (mysql.net, 2011).
Ajax: According to Wikipedia Ajax stands for Asynchronous JavaScript & XML and is a group ofinterrelated web development techniques used on the client to create dynamic functionality.
CakePHP: CakePHP is a PHP framework modeled after the concept of Ruby on Rails, this means it contains
built in functionality to make development in PHP more stable and modular (www.cakephp.org).
JQuery: JQuery is a JavaScript framework; it contains functionality for easier and more efficient creation
of JavaScript elements like for example dynamic forms (Jquery.org, 2011, Wiki).

Conclusion: By the end of the thesis Feature Store gave a clear picture of the usefulness of the tool and the project was prolonged into a probable development of a live version, it contains the functionality it was set out to with more having been added during the course of the project. The original purpose have clearly been fulfilled with the tool already having some use within the company even though it is not in a finalized version.

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Title: Canopy Fuels Inventory and Mapping Using Large-Footprint Lidar

Department Of Geography

Abstract Of Thesis: This dissertation examines the use of large5 footprint, waveform-digitizing lidar data to predict and create maps of CBD and CBH as well as the use of lidar-derived products to run a fire behavior model. Lidar metrics are compared to field-based estimates of CBD and CBH and, based on the regression models resulting from these comparisons, maps of CBD and CBH are generated that are then tested as inputs into a fire behavior model. The remainder of this introductory chapter is organized as follows. 
The next sections provide 
(1) a background to fire behavior models, focusing specifically on FARSITE (Fire Area Simulator-Model); (2) a review of field- and remote-sensingbased collection of wildland fuels data; 
(3) a synopsis of the previous use of remotesensing- derived fuels data as input into fire behavior models; 
(4) a summary of the current state of the utilization of lidar to predict fuels and 
(5) an overview of the research objectives addressed in the remaining chapters.

Keywords: Geography, Remote Sensing, Environmental Sciences, lidar, canopy bulk, density, canopy base height, canopy fuels estimation, FARSITE.

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Patients who self-mutilate - Their experiences of their behavior and nursing care

Abstract Of the Thesis And Background: Self-mutilation often starts in adolescence but is established through traumatic experiences in early childhood. The behavior is a conscious act that is performed to alleviate psychological pain, resulting in tissue damage. The patients often feel stigmatized and treated like objects when they need to feel supported and understood in the nursing care.
Aim Of Thesis: To highlight patients who self-mutilate, their experiences of their behavior and of the attitudes in the nursing care.
Method of Thesis: A literature review based on 11 scientific articles. Result: The analysis of the articles resulted in three major categories; ”Experiences of self-injury and underlying reasons”, ”Patients wishes of worthy treatment” and ”Negative experiences of nursing care”. Patients who self-mutilate experienced that their behavior took control over their daily life. Feelings of hope, support and understanding were important parts of the nursing care but the patients often felt disregarded and misunderstood.
Conclusion Of Thesis: Patients who self-mutilate often feel misunderstood and alone. The nurses need guidelines for how to treat these patients who need to feel involved in their nursing care and how to get continuous support. More research is needed from the patient perspective to improve nurses attitudes towards patients who self-mutilate.
Keywords: Self-mutilation, patient, experience, attitude and nursing.

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Title: Selection of expatriates - The influence of HR managers gender and personal traits.

School of Health and Society, International Business and Economics Program

Abstract of Thesis: Due to increased internationalization around the world the expatriate rate has grown significantly during the last years and has become a more important tool within organizations. Therefore, the need for expatriates increases and it is of importance for organizations to broaden their expatriate base and not exclude particular groups of employees, such as women are today. The purpose of this dissertation was to explore the role that gender and personal traits of the HR managers play in evaluating and selecting expatriates. Furthermore, we wanted to investigate this relationship with a developed model. The result of this research indicates that to be able to implement, investigate and examine research constituted in another country than Sweden, the theory must be adapted to match the Swedish demo-graphical and humanitarian structure regarding this field.

Keywords: Expatriates, HR manager, gender, personal traits, the Similar-to-Me Hypothesis and the Big Five.

The dissertation will have the following outline:

Chapter 2 – Research method

In this chapter, the different choices concerning the methodology are introduced. Further, the research philosophies, research approach, choice of theory and choice of methodology are described.

Chapter 3 – Theoretical framework

In this chapter we will review a selection of literature, including literature on expatriates, human resource managers, international human resource management, selection of expatriates, demographic characteristics and personal traits. Explanations and theories will be presented concerning the chosen topic.

Chapter 4 – Empirical method

In this chapter the empirical method is presented. We start by introducing the research design and strategy. Further, the time horizon, data collection, population, sample selection, operationalisation, reliability, validity,

generalization and response rate will be defined and discussed. Finally, the pre-study questionnaire and the main-study questionnaire will be discussed and results presented.

Chapter 5 – Research analysis and discussion

In this chapter the research analysis is presented. First a presentation of the result from the pre-study is given. Then the result from the six different hypothesis will be given and analyzed and either accepted or rejected with statistical support from SPSS.

Chapter 6 – Conclusions

In this chapter a summary of the dissertation will be presented as well as conclusions from the findings. Further, there will be some critical reflections. Suggestions on future research as well as practical implications to consider will be introduced.

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Title: Politics on the Net - NGO practices and experiences

ABSTRACT Of Thesis: This study investigates how different kinds of non-governmental organizations (NGOs), operating in different national political contexts, perceive and use the Internet as a political space. The political space concept, as defined here, encompasses two dimensions of Internet use: one external, where organizations use the Internet for online activism and campaigning, and one internal, signifying organizational use of the Internet to promote engagement and interactivity with members and/or supporters. Another question raised is whether Internet use for political purposes by NGOs varies between different national political contexts. Moreover, do the organizations believe that the Internet has affected their political influence to any extent? The empirical data consist of the results of two surveys, one directed primarily to American NGOs, the other explicitly comparative, analyzing NGOs in Sweden and the USA. Furthermore, content analysis of NGO websites have been conducted and additive indexes constructed. The findings of the study suggest that, overall, the Internet is most important to the studied organizations as a space for external political initiatives. There were, however, important differences in this regard, which could be related to the organizations’ national political contexts. For example, the American NGOs have oriented their websites primarily towards relatively superficial forms of member involvement, while the Swedish NGOs provided more interactive grassroots features on their websites. Regarding political influence, the Internet arguably has the potential to make the most dramatic difference by reinforcing the organizations’ offline political activities. The present results indicate that, despite the possible converging effect of the Internet on NGO political activism, national political culture exerts an inescapable influence on how the Internet is used as a political space by the studied organizations.

Keywords: Internet, ICTs, politics, cyber-politics, NGOs, political culture, national political context, online activism, advocacy, interactivity, social movements, political influence, globalization, civil society, global civil

society.

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Harsh or Inept Parenting Youth Characteristics and Later Adjustment

Abstract Of Thesis: Despite most parents’ good intentions to provide a warm, supportive environment in which the child can grow and develop socially appropriate behavior, they might occasionally act toward their child in a negative or even harsh way. Some do this more consistently than others. This dissertation examined the relationships between harsh or inept parenting and children s characteristics in predicting various adjustment problems. The first aim of the dissertation was to examine if experienced harsh parental behavior is associated with adjustment problems for children from different cultures in a similar way. Study I showed that the effects of harsh parenting were very similar for children from different countries, but the magnitude of these effects differed. The second aim was to examine how parents and youths respond to each other over time. Studies II and III showed that youth characteristics influenced harsh or inept parenting and, to a lesser extent, parents’ behaviors could affect youth characteristics or behavior problems. The third aim of this dissertation concerns the role of child or youth characteristics in the link between harsh parenting and adjustment problems. Findings from Study II suggested that, youth characteristics might be responsible for both harsh parenting and problematic peer relationships, thus explaining the link between them. Studies IV and V showed that children s early unmanageable increased the risk of having more adjustment problems later in life only for some children. The fourth aim was to examine how the early characteristics of children who experience physical punishment in the context of parenting behaviors that communicate negative emotions affect later adjustment. The findings from Studies IV and V suggest that only for some children, those who experience certain combination's of harsh parental behavior, is early unmanageably a risk factor for social adjustment problems. Overall, the studies in this dissertation provide insights into the roles of harsh or inept parenting and youth characteristics in the development of various adjustment problems. Even though parents’ negative behaviors may affect youth social adjustment, youth characteristics and behaviors can strongly contribute to their own adjustment and to harsh or inept parenting.

Keywords: adolescent adjustment, harsh parenting, inept parenting, reciprocal interactions, youth characteristics, early unmanageable.

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Title: Analyses of building energy system alternatives through transient simulation

Department Of Mechanical Engineering

Abstract Of Project Thesis: This thesis examines the performance of residential buildings and the energy systems contained within those buildings by simulating them in the TRaNsient SYstems Simulation (TRNSYS) program. After matching a building's floorplan to that of house local to the College Park area, national and local building surveys were consulted to produce a prototype of the average Maryland home. This home was simulated with ordinary insulation levels, heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) equipment, and appliances. Various construction characteristics, including wall insulation, thermostat set points, HVAC equipment, and appliance efficiency were varied to examine the effects of each individual change upon the final annual energy consumption of the building, and in doing so, the value of retrofitting each characteristic was explored. Finally, the most effective energy-saving strategies were combined to model a low-energy home, in order to explore the possibility of refitting an existing home to become a net-zero site energy building. Sensitivity study results were listed, and a net-zero-energy building was successfully simulated.
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Title: Analysis of Fire Conditions in a Closed-End Tunnel

Department of Fire Protection Engineering

Abstract of Thesis: Many studies have addressed fires in tunnels. For the most part, these previous studies have addressed fires that might occur during operation of the tunnel, when the tunnel has openings at both ends. During construction of a tunnel, the tunnel has only one opening as the tunnel is being bored. Analysis of fire conditions that might develop during construction of a tunnel is addressed here. A number of analyses are presented to assess tenability conditions in a closed-end subsurface environment as a result of different postulated fire scenarios. The purpose of these analyses is to develop fire tenability criteria for use in evaluating subsurface life and fire safety.
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Title: Capacity of Frozen Soil for Shallow Tunnel Pre-Support Underneath a Building Founded on Wooden Piles

Department Of Civil Engineering

Abstract of Project: The ever-increasing density of urban environments poses new challenges to tunneling for transit projects. Tunneling methods are called for that meet these challenges while minimizing the impact on every day routines. With only a few exceptions, urban tunneling is confronted with soft ground conditions resulting from two basic facts. Historically, dwellings were established near rivers for reasons of logistics situating cities on alluvial deposits. In addition, tunnel alignments must be kept at shallow depths to optimize access and passenger circulation. This dissertation analyzes implementation of a binocular tunnel underneath a historic building at low cover using ground freezing for tunnel pre-support and building underpinning. The shallow depth required tunneling through a large number of timber piles arranged in groups that serve as foundations for the steel frame, brick and masonry building. Tunneling was carried out using a sequenced excavation with shotcrete for tunnel support, commonly referred to as the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM). During the tunneling the building remained operational for its mainly commercial purpose. The analysis focuses on the performance of the building foundations, frozen soil and tunnel opening. Observations from the construction-monitoring program are utilized in the development of a numerical model to study the performance of the support system consisting of timber piles, frozen soil and tunnel lining. Adfreeze strength that develops between the frozen soil and wooden piles provides a significant increase in shear capacity of the pile-frozen soil interface as compared with unfrozen conditions. The analyses suggest that the interconnect between frozen soil and pile is of such structural capacity as to allow for a substantial reduction of frozen soil thickness when compared to the one implemented on this project. This reduction provides for economies in freezing and in mitigation measures such as compensation systems for initial building heave and subsequent settlement due to freeze consolidation. It is further suggested that ground freezing in combination with NATM tunneling offers a methodical concept for tunnel construction through vertical foundation elements. A thorough testing program for adfreeze strength must support its implementation, since adfreeze strength is the primary contribution to the capacity of the hybrid tunnel-frozen ground-pile support system.

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Title : THEORY AND EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE - ESSAYS ON ASSET PURCHASES AND SALES

Department of Finance

Project Intro: In This theory essay, “The Real Determinants of Asset Sales”.
About Project: This dissertation consists of a theory essay and an empirical essay that investigate a firm’s decision to buy or sell corporate assets. It seeks to answer the following research questions:
1) why do firms choose to buy or sell assets.
2) what makes assets in an industry more likely to be traded than assets in other industries.
3) within an the industry, why asset and sales come in waves and tends to cluster over a certain time period.
Abstract: In this paper I develop a dynamic structural model in which a firm makes rational decisions to buy or sell assets in the presence of both idiosyncratic and aggregate productivity shocks. By identifying equilibrium asset prices, the model produces an industry with a well-defined panel of firms, and jointly analyzes firms’ asset sales decisions and the aggregate asset sales activity in the business cycle. It suggests that changes of productivity, rather than levels, affect firms’ decisions - firms with increasing productivity buy assets while firms with decreasing productivity choose to downsize. More assets are transacted in expansion years when aggregate productivity and price for existing assets are higher. The model is calibrated using the plant-level data from the U.S. Census Bureau’s Longitudinal Research Database (LRD). Using the simulated panel, I show that most of the empirical evidence on asset sales is consistent with value-maximizing behavior: (1) firms which buy assets have higher valuation around the transaction, but lower long-run average a result that was previously used to support the market-timing theory; (2) small acquirers have higher returns during the acquisition year than do large acquirers; and (3) dynamic properties of productivity shocks affect the asset sales activity in the industry: industries with less persistent and highly dispersed productivity shocks have greater asset sales.
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Title:Knowledge Harvesting from International Joint Ventures

Department of Business Administration

About Project:- This dissertation explores and analyses factors which could facilitate Knowledge Harvesting, and also how important it is for the parent companies. Knowledge Harvesting is one of the knowledge processes within an international joint venture network that has not received much attention from the academic community. After relevant review of the literature in the area of international joint ventures and knowledge management, the authors of the dissertation created a model. The model consists of five factors: Motive, Absorptive capacity, Knowledge characteristics, Trust, and Control. Eight hypotheses are formulated in order to test the model. The empirical study is concentrated on Swedish companies involved in an international joint venture with a foreign company. A deductive approach is chosen in order to answer the research questions, and primary data is collected using an online survey. The results of the questionnaire are analysed in a descriptive manner and several conclusions are drawn.
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION:-
1.1 BACKGROUND
1.2 THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND QUESTIONS
1.3 PURPOSE
1.4 LIMITATIONS
1.5 DEFINITIONS TO THE KEY WORDS
1.6 OUTLINE
CHAPTER 2: METHODOLOGY
2.1 CHOICE OF METHODOLOGY
2.2. DATA COLLECTION
2.2.1. Secondary Data
2.2.2. Primary Data
2.3 SCIENTIFIC APPROACH
2.4 SUMMAR
CHAPTER 3: THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
3.1 INTRODUCTION
3.2 STRATEGIC ALLIANCES
3.3 DELINEATION AND MEANING OF INTERNATIONAL JOINT VENTURES
3.4 REASONS FOR FORMING EQUITY IJVS
3.5 KNOWLEDGE
3.5.1 What is knowledge?
3.5.2 Knowledge assets
3.5.3 Knowledge in an organisation
3.5.4 Knowledge management
3.6 KNOWLEDGE PROCESSES WITHIN AN IJV NETWORK
3.6.1 Transfer
3.6.2 Transformation
3.6.3 Harvesting
3.7 DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES ON IJV
3.7.1 Control structure
3.7.2 Resource-based view
3.7.3 Trust and performance
3.7.4 Learning through IJV
3.7.5 Learning and knowledge accumulation
3.8 SUMMARY
CHAPTER 4: AN ATTEMPT TO CREATE A MODEL
4.1 INTRODUCTION
4.2. THE TAP MODEL
4.2.1 Introduction
4.2.2 Explanation to the Model
4.3 POSSIBLE FACTORS IN OUR MODEL
4.3.1 Motive
4.3.2 Absorptive capacity
4.3.3 Knowledge characteristics
4.3.4 Performance
4.3.5 Trust
4.3.6 Control
4.3.7 Industry
4.4 SUMMARY
CHAPTER 5: EMPIRICAL METHOD
5.1 THE RESEARCH STRATEGY
5.1.1 The Questionnaire
5.1.2 The Pilot test
5.1.3 The sample
5.1.4 The Response rate
5.1.5 Operationalisation
5.2 VALIDITY
5.3 RELIABILITY
5.4 GENERALISABILITY
5.5 METHODOLOGICAL CRITICISM

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Leather Technology And Technologist Book

On

Testing And Measurement And Other General Material

Leather Technology And Technologist : To produce high quality leather, Technologists must understand the nature of the materials used, the way in which they react, the means of controlling this reactivity, and the methods of testing and analysing the finished product. With this knowledge as a basis, tanners must become familiar with all the practical tanning processes and machinery operations that are necessary to prepare the skins for tanning, the tanning process itself, and the many subsequent operations which determine thickness, softness, texture, colour and waterproof-ness of leather. Many students choose a course of Higher Education without having explored the opportunities afforded by this fascinating, challenging and rewarding industry. This is surprising, since leather is very much a part of everyday life, and is always in demand for fashion, sport and comfort. Understanding the reactions and processes occurring during leather manufacture involves a fascinating blend of the strict disciplines of the pure sciences with the practicalities of the continuous batch production of a material whose aesthetic appeal must be maintained, whilst creating its utilitarian properties. The pure sciences involved are chemistry, physics, biochemistry and microbiology, combined with mechanical and chemical engineering, polymer sciences, statistics, computing and management. The successful student who possesses a qualification in Leather Technology usually has no difficulty in finding a suitable post within the industry. There are excellent opportunities for obtaining senior positions in the leather and allied industries in production, quality control, research, management and marketing. These opportunities are available worldwide.

The Below are the Online Books for the Leather Technologist/Technology:

Leather testing methods - Read/Download

Indicators, pH values - Read/Download

Relations between weight, area and yield in leather production - Read/Download

Safety and environmental protection - Read/Download

Standard physical units of measurement - Read/Download

Other General Information File For Leather Technology are Below:

Elements: Symbol, Atomic number and Atomic weight - Read/Download

Chemical compounds: molecular weight, formula and solubility in water - Read/Download

Density and conversion tables - Read/Download

Technical literature - Read/Download

Abbreviations of commercial terms - Read/Download

World time zones - Read/Download

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Leather Technology And Technologist Books 

On 

Tanning And Re-Tanning And Finishing

Book for the Leather Technologist And Technology On Tanning and Re-tanning And Finishing

What is Leather Technology: Leather was one of the first manufactured materials, and the Leather Technologist can claim to be a member of an ancient profession. The output and quality of leather has steadily increased and improved for at least the last 3,000 years, and for the last 100 years or so the UK has been a pioneer in the field of formal education and training in Leather Technology.

The Below are the Free Online Books for the Leather Technologist / Technology:

General remarks - Read/Download

Vegetable tanning - Read/Download

Mineral tanning - Read/Download

Other tanning methods - Read/Download

Neutralization (deacidification) of leather - Read/Download

Retanning - Read/Download

Bleaching and fixation - Read/Download

Tanner's tools - Read/Download

Tannery machines - Read/Download

Tanning/retanning - Glossary - Read/Download

Emulsifiers and wetting agents - Read/Download

Fatliquoring - Read/Download

Water-repellent treatment of leather - Read/Download

Drum Dyeing - Read/Download

Drying - Read/Download

Flow chart of processes from wet blue to finishing - Read/Download

Finishing - Read/Download

Leather goods - Read/Download

Fur - Read/Download

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Book for the Leather Technologist And Technology 

On 

General remarks on the Raw material And Beam house.

The Below are the Online Free Books for the Leather Technologist / Technology:

Leather is part of our lives. It will stay that way. Tanning agents to process animal hides into leather is without a doubt one of the oldest skilled handicraft trades there is. To this day, this natural material has lost none of its fascination. Leather results from an organically grown material with individual characteristics. It is not produced in a factory according to standard parameters. And that is precisely where the challenge lies.

Raw skin - Read/Download

Rawstock - Read/Download

Commercial Classification of hides and skins - Read/Download

Curing and disinfection of raw hides and skins - Read/Download

Water - Read/Download

Vessels for the beamhouse - Read/Download

Flow chart from raw stock to production of pelts - Read/Download

Soaking - Read/Download

Depilation, opening up the skin - Read/Download

Deliming - Read/Download

Bating - Read/Download

Degreasing - Read/Download

Pickling of pelts - Read/Download

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Leather Technology Seminar Topics And Project Topics Titles

(B.tech/ B.E Leather Technology)

List given Below are the Seminar Topics And project Titles for Leather Technology:

1. Waste Water Engineering

2. Environmental Science of Tannery Effluent

3. Biotechnology of Leather Manufacture

4. Principles of Pre-Tannage

5. Analytical Chemistry of Post Tanning & Finishing agents

6. Latest items from leather

7. Footwear technology

8. Future of leather industry

9. Physical Testing of Leather

10. Mechanics of Leather Machines

11. Analytical Chemistry of Leather

12. Footwear and Leather Goods Technology

13. Exotic Leather & By-products Manufacture

14. Principles of Leather Finishing

The Related Files And Related Attachments for the above Topics will be Updated As Soon As Possible.

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Engineering Project Title And Seminar Topics For Electronics and Electrical

List Below is for Graduates And Under Graduates of Electronics and Electrical:

1. Zigbee - zapping away wired worries

2. Global Positioning System

3. Passive Millimeter-Wave

4. High-availability power systems Redundancy options

5. Light emitting polymers

6. Advanced Mobile Presence Technology

7. Resilient packet ring rpr.

8. Electronic Road Pricing System

9. CorDECT

10. Artificial neural networks based Devnagri numeral recognitions by using S.O.M

11. Dig Water

12. Fusion Memory

13. Military Radars

14. Satellite Radio TV System

15. Landmine Detection Using Impulse Ground Penetrating Radar

16. low Quiescent current regulators

17. Stream Processor

18. Wireless communication

19. Object Oriented Concepts

20. Internet Protocol Television

21. RTOS ? VXWORKS2

22. MOCT

23. VLSI Computations

24. Terahertz Transistor

25. Integer Fast Fourier Transform

26. Surface Mount Technology

27. The Vanadium Redox Flow Battery System5

28. Terrestrial Trunked Radio

29. Fuzzy Logic

30. Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry

31. Cellular technologies and security.

32. Automatic Number Plate Recognition

33. Turbo codes.

34. CRT Display

35. HVAC

36. Ultra wide band technology.

37. GPRS

38. Optical Switching

39. VCSEL

40. Organic Light Emitting Diode

41. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing

42. Time Division Multiple Access

43. Elliptical curve cryptography ECC

44. Service Aware Intelligent GGSN

45. Space Time Adaptive Processing

46. Wireless LED

47. Blast

48. Radio Astronomy

49. Quantum cryptography

50. Organic Electronic Fibre

51. Fundamental Limits Of Silicon Technology

52. Digital Audio's Final Frontier-Class D Amplifier

53. Bluetooth based smart sensor networks

54. Optical Camouflage

55. Artifical Eye

56. Digital Imaging

57. RFID Radio Frequency Identification

58. Driving Optical Network Evolution

59. Home Audio Video Interpretability (HAVi)

60. Sensotronic Brake Control

61. Cruise Control Devices

Related Files For The Above Topics will be Updated with Related Links ASAP. Visit Again For More New Project

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ECE And EEE Engineering Related Seminar Topics And Project Titles And PPT's

List given Below are the Seminar Topics And project Titles for EEE/ECE.

1. Multisensor Fusion and Integration

2. Molecular Electronics

3. Money Pad, The Future Wallet

4. Treating Cardiac Disease With Catheter-Based Tissue Heating

5. Adaptive Multipath Detection4

6. Heliodisplay

7. Quadrics network

8. Military Radars

9. Moletronics- an invisible technology

10. Significance of real-time transport Protocol in VOIP

11. Acoustics

12. Testing cardiac diseased based on catheter based tissue heating

13. Cellular Through Remote Control Switch

14. Touch Screens

15. Implementation Of Zoom FFT in Ultrasonic Blood Flow Analysis

16. FRAM

17. The Bionic Eye

18. Synchronous Optical Network

19. Satellite Radio

20. Nanotechnology

21. Fault Diagnosis Of Electronic System using AI

22. Asynchronous Chips

23. E-Nose

24. Holographic Data Storage

25. MILLIPEDE7

26. Crystaline Silicon Solar Cells

27. Space Robotics

28. Guided Missiles

29. Synchronous Optical Networking

30. Cyberterrorism

31. Plasma Antennas

32. Welding Robots

33. Laser Communications

34. Architectural requirements for a DSP processer

35. High-availability power systems Redundancy options

36. Utility Fog

37. GMPLS

38. DSP Processor

39. e-governance.

40. Smart Pixel Arrays

41. The mp3 standard.

42. Resilient Packet Ring RPR.

43. Fast convergemce algorithms for active noise control in vehicles

44. Thermal infrared imaging technology

45. HAAPS

46. ISO Loop magnetic couplers

47. Evolution Of Embedded System

48. Guided Missiles

49. Iris Scanning

50. QoS in Cellular Networks Based on MPT

51. Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser

The Related Files for the Above Topics will be Updated ASAP.

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Electronics And Electrical Seminar Topics And Project Reports

Below List are some of the Collection of Seminar Topics and Project Topics

1. Virtual Reality

2. Real Time System Interface

3. Wireless LED

4. Real-Time Image Processing Applied To Traffic

5. Class-D Amplifiers

6. Radiation Hardened Chips

7. Time Division Multiple Access

8. Embryonics Approach Towards Integrated Circuits

9. Cellular Digital Packet Data (Cdpd)

10. EC2 Technology

11. Crusoe Processor

12. Swarm intelligence & traffic Safety

13. Software Radio3

14. Integrated Power Electronics Module

15. Power System Contingencies

16. e-Paper Display

17. VISNAV

18. Push Technology

19. Distributed Integrated Circuits

20. Electronics Meet Animal Brains

21. Navbelt and Guidicane

22. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing

23. Organic LED

24. Optical networking

25. Tunable Lasers

26. Code Division Duplexing

27. Satellite Radio TV System

28. Code Division Multiple Access

29. Project Oxygen

30. Robotic balancing..

31. Integer Fast Fourier Transform

32. Daknet

33. Cryptography

34. 3- D IC's

35. Continuously variable transmission (CVT)

36. Fibre Optic Communication

37. AC Performance Of Nanoelectronics

38. Continuously variable transmission (CVT)

39. Intel express chipsets.

40. Worldwide Inter operatibility for Microwave Access

41. Fpga offloads dsp?s.

42. Real-Time Obstacle Avoidance

43. Light emitting polymers

44. E-Commerce

45. Extreme ultraviolet lithography

46. Low Power UART Design for Serial Data Communication

47. Multi threading microprocessors

48. Passive Millimeter-Wave

49. Magnetic Resonance Imaging

50. Microelectronic Pills

We will update the Above Related Topic Links of the Project As Soon As Possible.

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Title: Essays in Financial Economics

Department of Finance

Project Abstract: Constrained Capacity and Equilibrium Forward Premia in Electricity Markets, develops a refinement of the equilibrium electricity pricing model in Bessembinder and Lemmon. The refined model explicitly accounts for constrained capacity, an important feature in electricity markets.Explicitly including a role for capacity allows the model to reproduce the price spikes observed in wholesale electricity markets. The refined model implies that the equilibrium forward premium, defined to be the forward price minus the expected spot price, is decreasing in spot price variance when the expected spot electricity price is low, but is increasing in the spot price variance when the expected spot electricity price is high. Further, the refined model implies that, ceteris paribus, the equilibrium forward premium is increasing in the ratio of the expected spot electricity price to the fixed retail price. The implications of this model are closer to reality.

How does currency return volatility evolve over time and what are the properties of volatility dynamics? Is the drift of currency return volatility non-linear? What forms of non-linearities are admitted in the drift and diffusion functions? The purpose of essay 2, Estimation of Continuous-Time Models for Foreign Exchange Volatility, is to estimate a large class of volatility processes and explore these issues using weekly data on two currency pairs: U.S. dollar-British pound and Japanese Yen-U.S. dollar.The estimation approach is based on maximum-likelihood estimation that relies on closed-form density approximations. Based on volatility implied by currency options, the constant elasticity of variance specification provides a reasonable characterization of the variance of variance function. Extending the diffusion function beyond the CEV specification does not improve the fit of the model, regardless of the assumed form of the drift function. Further, I find that certain types of non-linearities in the drift function improve the goodness of fit statistics, though no generalizations can be made.

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Title : DESIGN AND PACKAGING OF AN IRONGALLIUM (GALFENOL) NANOWIRE ACOUSTIC SENSOR FOR UNDERWATER APPLICATIONS

Department of Mechanical Engineering

About Project: In this thesis, design efforts aimed at producing this MEMS bio-inspired acoustic transducer have been detailed along with the process sequence for its fabrication. Package materials including encapsulants and filler fluids have been identified based on their acoustic performance in water by conducting several experiments to compare their impedance and attenuation characteristics and moisture absorption properties. Preliminary test results of the sensor without nanowires demonstrate the process is practical for constructing a nanowire based acoustic sensor, yielding potential benefits for SONAR applications and hearing implants.

Project Overview: One of the principle applications of acoustic sensors is SONAR (sound navigation and

ranging), which is used to determine the distance and the direction of a remote object by transmitting sound waves and collecting and interpreting the reflected waves. SONAR is primarily used for underwater applications. The frequencies used in sonar systems are typically either infrasonic or ultrasonic. To trace objects under water, it is difficult to use alternative methods like LIDAR or RADAR. This is because, in the case of LIDAR, light quickly fades in the water making it difficult to trace underwater objects. Similarly, RADAR also attenuates in the water and hence can not be used. On the other hand, sound waves travel through water at a speed of 1500 m/s, which is almost five times faster than in air and penetrates to greater depths without deterioration. This makes SONAR a widely used technique for underwater applications.

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Title: BUTANOL PRODUCTION FROM GLYCEROL BY Clostridium pasteurianum IN DEFINED CULTURE MEDIA

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering

Problem description and Overview: The increase in oil prices has stimulated the production of renewable biofuels, in particular the production of ethanol and biodiesel. The application of the biorefinery concept (i.e obtaining added value products from bioprocess products, by-products and /or waste streams) is gaining importance. This research focuses on the utilization of one of the biodiesel byproducts: glycerol. More precisely, the research focuses on the anaerobic fermentation of glycerol into butanol, relevant physiological aspects of Clostridium pasteurianum that are related to the solvent production.

Project ABSTRACT: The fluctuations in oil prices have stimulated the production of renewable biofuels, in particular the production of bioethanol and biodiesel. The production of biodiesel has expanded almost six fold in the past years. The ten wt% of the biodiesel process results in crude glycerol. Once a valuable product, nowadays glycerol is considered a waste and a surplus material. Its current low price makes it an attractive substrate for a fermentation process. Molecular genetics have unveiled new insights about solvent production in Clostridia. It has been recognized that endospore development and solvent formation share a regulatory mechanism. The solvent production, particularly the butanol fermentation of glycerol by Clostridium pasteurianum was studied. Taking advantage of the characteristics of the sporulation phenotype, the study of the butanol fermentation was approached. A relation between spore formation and butanol production was

found in C. pasteurianum by applying molecular genetics concepts. 

Keywords: Biology, Cell Engineering, Industrial butanol, Clostridium pasteurianum, fermentation, glycerol, replica plating, sporulation.

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Title: A SECURITY ANALYSIS OF SMARTPHONES

Master of Science in Electrical and Computer Engineering

Project Abstract: This work analyzes and discusses the current security environment of today's (and future) smartphones, and proposes a security model which will reduce smartphone vulnerabilities, preserving privacy, integrity and availability of smartphone native applications to authorized parties. For this purpose, we begin with an overlook of current smartphone security standards, and explore the threats, vulnerabilities and attacks on them, that have been uncovered so far with existing popular smartphones. We also look ahead at the future uses of the smartphones, and the security threats that these newer applications would introduce. We use this knowledge to construct a mathematical model, which gives way to policies that should be followed to secure the smartphone under the model. We nally discuss existing and proposed security mechanisms that can be incorporated in the smartphone architecture to meet the set policies, and thus the set security standards.

There are a few essential features that make the smartphone security need unique these are:

1 the smartphone is designed to be single-user, and there is no user login.

2 the smartphone provides services through independent server processes that are always on. They always run and are not attached to a user session. As long as power is supplied, the platform is always on, even if no user is logged on.

3 the smartphone, especially with its higher usability enhancements, is meant to be used by a large public with little technical understanding, when compared to a desktop.

4 the smartphone is an always-connected device, and security breaches in the smartphone will attack a network much larger than the device itself.

5 the smartphone has unique access to both cell communication and data network.

6 the smartphone is a constrained embedded device in terms or resources such as memory, processing and battery life.

7 the smartphone is designed to host several applications that leverage its portability, connectivity and usability.

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Title: ROAD ACCIDENT RECONSTRUCTION AND SIMULATION WITH AND WITHOUT EDR DATA

Master of Science in Electrical and Computer Engineering

Project Intro: Accident reconstruction is a technical process of analyzing and calculating physical parameters, such as impact velocity and damage pro les, associated with vehicles involved in an accident. This information can be used for accident-cause analysis and visual simulation. Accident simulation is a virtual recreation of a real-life accident in order to study various aspects such as vehicle deformation, occupant injury and the capability of a vehicle to protect the occupants and pedestrians during collision. The software used to validate technical opinions of an accident reconstruction is called HVE (Human Vehicle Environment) which is created by the company EDC (Electronic Dynamics Corporation). It is a computer environment used to study in- teractions among humans, vehicles, and their environments. It consists of three parts: \Input Editors," used for creation of humans, vehicles, and environment; \Event Editor," used for actual visual simulation of an accident; and \Output or Playback Editor," used for analysis of damage data, accident history, driver data, and environment data. HVE consists of di erent calculation methods based on the application.

Project Abstract: Road accident reconstruction and simulation investigates the accident causes, suggests improvements in vehicle design and investigates failures in vehicle control and safety systems such as the anti-lock brake system (ABS) and air-bag deployment. This thesis focuses on analysis of crash data from vehicles not equipped with collision warning systems. Vehicle parameters before and during an accident can be recorded using an Event Data Recorder (EDR) which helps in reconstructing an accident. This tool, installed in the vehicle, records di erent crash parameters like vehicle speed, lateral and longitudinal acceleration, seat-belt status, and air-bag deployment over a period that spens the accident. This thesis focuses on accident reconstruction with and without EDR data. A simulation software tool called HVE is used to visually recreate the reconstructed accidents. HVE is a platform to execute di erent accident simulation methods which are used for speci c types of simulations. Two such simulation methods, EDSMAC4 and EDHIS, are discussed in this thesis. The former is an important method for vehicle-to-vehicle collisions and the latter is used for analysis of human behavior involved in the accident. Three real-life accidents were chosen for reconstruction and simulation. They were Bus and Car accident, Three Vehicle accident and Intersection accident. These particular accidents were chosen to represent a diverse selection of accidents based on the following parameters: the locations of the accidents, the vehicles involved in each accident, and the data available. A qualitative analysis of vehicle occupant's behavior is also presented for one of the three accidents. The thesis discusses in detail the reconstruction of these three accidents. Throughout these simulations, the thesis illustrates the advantages and limitations of the EDR and HVE simulation software for accident reconstruction and simulation.

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Title : DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF ELECTROTHERMAL MICROMOTORS AND COMPLIANT MECHANISMS FOR SPATIAL PARALLEL MICROMANIPULATORS

Department of Mechanical Engineering

This dissertation addresses the development of microscale spatial mechanisms capable of taking advantage of these benefits offered by established microfabrication methods. A parallel manipulator is defined by its kinematic structure, which takes the form of a closed-loop kinematic chain, unlike serial manipulators which consist of open-loop chains. In the macro world, many kinds of parallel manipulators have been developed, for example those depicted. Such parallel mechanisms offer several key advantages, such as high stiffness, low inertia, and high payload capacity. Although serial manipulators can offer larger workspace limits, such devices are not easily ported to the microscale world. The primary disadvantage of serial manipulators is that actuators must be mounted on the mechanism’s moving joints. This is a major constraint for MEMS based devices due to practical fabrication limitations. By contrast, actuators in a parallel manipulator can always be attached to the fixed base, and are thus well suited to MEMS manufacturing processes. For a planar mechanism, the loci of all points in all links can be conveniently drawn on a plane, but actually they lie on parallel planes. A mechanism is said to be a spherical mechanism if the motions of all particles in the bodies lie on concentric spheres. A manipulator is called a spatial manipulator if at least one of the moving links in the mechanism possesses a general spatial motion that cannot be characterized as planar or spherical motion [1]. Since the devices of interest in this work consist of micro-scale parallel mechanisms providing spatial motion, with integrated actuators for driving the mechanism located within the base link, they may be termed spatial parallel micromanipulators.

In this dissertation a new class of spatial micromechanisms employing compliant joints and electrothermal motors has been developed. The spatial micromechanisms contain three limbs driven by individual electrothermal linear motors to form multiple degree-of-freedom (DOF) manipulators. At the coaxial point of the actuated limbs, a platform acts as the end effector of the device. Each limb in this spatial mechanism interconnects compliant pseudo-revolute joints, which are capable of providing either in-plane or out-of-plane rotations. Mechanisms are demonstrated using polysilicon surface micromachining, and a new four-layer UV-LIGA fabrication process is also presented for future production of high aspect ratio spatial micromechanisms. Linear motors are developed to provide bi-directional continuous motions to drive the spatial mechanism. Individual electrothermal actuators within a linear motor employ saw-toothed impactors to provide a synchronized locking/pushing motion without needing a secondary clamping actuator. These saw-toothed linear motors provide a platform for accurate open-loop position control, continuously smooth motion, high motion resolution, and long life operation. Electrothermal V-beam actuators using multiple arrayed beams have been shown to provide large output forces up to several mN, sufficient for the spatial micromechanisms developed in this work. Taking advantage of a modeling approach based on the pseudo-rigid-body model, a new force and displacement model for the electrothermal V-beam actuators is developed and shown to provide good agreement with experimental results. The optimization design for the thermal actuators is also discussed to reduce actuation power. Pseudo-rigid-body modeling is used to simplify the designed compliant spatial mechanisms, allowing the well-known rigid body method to replace the cumbersome matrix method for compliant mechanism analysis. Based on the pseudo-rigid-body model, inverse kinematics is used to find the workspace of a typical microscale mechanism, together with the required movement for each linear motor to allow the end effector to reach a desired position. Dynamic analysis of the mechanism is applied to determine the maximum required forces for each actuator. The manipulator workspace volume defined by maximum link lengths and joint rotation angles is determined by using the Monte Carlo method. A systematic design procedure is finally proposed to enable effective compliant micromanipulator designs.

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Title: The Influence of Consumer Motivations on Consumption Intentions and Behavior

Department of Marketing

This Dissertation comprises two essays that investigate how consumer’s motivations affect their consumption behavior, such as purchase intentions and product valuation. Motivation is a predisposition to behave in a certain way. Motives are a motor for action, stimulating behavior that helps individuals achieve their goals (Fiske 2008). Contemporary motivation theory (e.g., Fitzsimons and Bargh 2004; Kruglanski et al. 2002) assumes two important characteristics of motives and goals that are fundamental for this proposal. First, motives and goals are mentally represented in the same way as are other cognitive constructs. Motives and goals correspond to internal knowledge structures containing information such as possible means and behavioral procedures for attaining a goal. Second, this motivation-ascognition approach implies that motivation is dynamic and that it can be primed and automatically activated by diverse environmental features, that is, by the mere presence of situational cues associated with those goals. Motivation, rather than being stable and individual, is a dynamic process because it can be activated from various different sources, because it can be activated without intervening conscious choice, and because the same stimulus can activate different motivations depending on the person or the situation. Operating motivations, consciously or non-consciously, influence consumers’ thoughts, feelings, and behavior. This dissertation proposal investigates the interplay of several motives and goals, which are activated in different ways, and how they affect consumer behavior.

Essay 1 shows that consumers’ motivation to rely on their own opinion and correct their judgments for the influence of a product recommendation moderates source credibility effects on judgment certainty and behavioral intentions. Building upon earlier research showing that correction may decrease judgment certainty, we propose that, contrary to this unidirectional effect, correction has a bidirectional effect on judgment certainty and behavioral intentions, depending on the initial recommendation credibility. In a series of three studies, we provide support for the bidirectional effect of correction and show that when consumers correct for the influence of a high credibility recommendation, their judgment certainty and behavioral intentions  decrease, but when they correct for the influence of a low credibility recommendation, their judgment certainty and behavioral intentions increase.

Essay 2 examines the influence of consumers’ motivations on product valuation and proposes that while buyers are intrinsically motivated to minimize what they are giving up, sellers are intrinsically motivated to maximize what they are getting. These differential goals lead to a discrepancy in product valuation of buyers relative to sellers. In a series of five studies, we provide support for the motivated valuation explanation for the disparity between buying and selling prices and show that altering the goal pursuit of buyers and sellers moderates the price disparity effect.

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Title: Automatic Modeling and Simulation of Networked Components

Department: Master of Science in Electrical and Computer Engineering

Project Intro: This chapter introduces the problem that this thesis addresses and the motivating reasons why this work is needed. Previous work in the eld of automatic model generation and software- and hardware-in-the-loop simulation is reviewed. The con- tributions and innovations introduced in this thesis are described and the layout of the thesis is outlined.

Abstract: This thesis proposes to solve these issues by presenting a method to automatically generate a simulation model and run a random walk simulation using that model. The method is automated so that a modeler spends as little time as possible creating a simulation model and the errors normally associated with manual modeling are eliminated. The simulation is automated to allow a human to focus attention on the

device that should be tested. The communications transactions between two nodes on a network are recorded as a trace le. This trace le is used to automatically generate a nite state machine model. The model can be adjusted by a designer to add missing information and then simulated in real-time using a software-in-the-loop approach. The innovations in this thesis include adaptation of a synthesis method for use in simulation, introduction of a random simulation method, and introduction of a practical evaluation method for two nite state machines. Test results indicate that nodes can be adequately replaced by models generated automatically by these methods. In addition, model construction time is reduced when comparing to the from scratch model creation method.

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Title: OPTIMAL ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF PLUG-IN HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE

Department : Master of Science in Electrical and Computer Engineering.

Abstract Of Project: In this thesis the final EMS is designed in three intermediate steps. First, a simple rule based EMS was designed to improve the fuel economy for parametric study. Second, an optimized EMS was designed with the main objective to improve fuel economy of the vehicle. Here Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique is used to obtain the optimum parameter values. This EMS has provided optimum parameters which result in optimum blended mode operation of the vehicle. Finally, to obtain optimum charge depletion and charge sustaining mode operation of the vehicle an advanced PSO EMS is designed which provides optimal results for the vehicle to operate in charge depletion and charge sustaining modes. Furthermore, to implement the developed advanced PSO EMS in real-time a possible real time implementation technique is designed using neural networks. This neural network implementation provides sub-optimal results as compared to advanced PSO EMS results but it can be implemented in real time in a vehicle. These EMSs can be used to obtain optimal results for the vehicle driving conditions such that fuel economy is improved. Moreover, the optimal designed EMS can also be implemented in real-time using the neural network procedure described.

Project Intro:  Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV) are new generation Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV) with larger battery capacity compared to Hybrid Electric Vehicles. They can store electrical energy from a domestic power supply and can drive the vehicle alone in Electric Vehicle (EV) mode. According to the U.S. Department of Transportation 80% of the American driving public on average drives under 50 miles per day. A PHEV vehicle that can drive up to 50 miles by making maximum use of cheaper electrical energy from a domestic supply can significantly reduce the conventional fuel consumption. This may also help in improving the environment as PHEVs emit less harmful gases. However, the Energy Management System (EMS) of PHEVs would have to be very different from existing EMSs of HEVs. In this thesis, three different Energy Management Systems have been designed specifically for PHEVs using simulated study. For most of the EMS development mathematical vehicle models for powersplit drivetrain configuration are built and later on the results are tested on advanced vehicle modeling tools like ADVISOR or PSAT. The main objective of the study is to design EMSs to reduce fuel consumption by the vehicle. These EMSs are compared with existing EMSs which show overall improvement.

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